There is a wire-type multimode fiber

A wire-type multimode fiber is an optical fiber with a larger core that allows multiple light modes to propagate simultaneously, ideal for short-distance, high-speed data transmission.

Overview

Multimode fiber (MMF) is a type of optical fiber designed for communication over short distances, such as within buildings, campuses, or data centers. Unlike single-mode fiber, which carries only one light mode, multimode fiber has a larger core diameter—typically 50 or 62. 5 micrometers—allowing multiple light paths to travel simultaneously.

This enables higher data throughput over short distances but limits the maximum transmission range due to modal dispersion.

Types of Multimode Fiber

Multimode fibers are classified according to the ISO/IEC 11801 standard into OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, and OM5, each with different core sizes, bandwidths, and applications: OM1: 62. 5 µm core, supports up to 1 Gbps over 275 meters at 850 nm; typically uses LED light sources and has an orange jacket. OM2: 50 µm core, supports 1 Gbps up to 550 meters; also LED-based with an orange jacket.

OM3: 50 µm core, optimized for laser sources, supports 10 Gbps up to 300 meters at 850 nm. OM4: 50 µm core, higher bandwidth than OM3, supports 100 Gbps up to 150 meters; commonly used in high-performance data centers. OM5: 50 µm core, designed for short-wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM), supports multiple wavelengths at high speeds, with a lime green jacket; backward compatible with OM4.

Applications

Multimode fiber is widely used in: Data centers and enterprise LANs for high-speed connections over short distances. Backbone cabling within buildings or campuses. Specialized equipment such as fiber optic spectroscopy, laser welding, and industrial monitoring.

It is preferred for these applications because the equipment is less expensive than single-mode fiber systems, and it provides high reliability and immunity to electromagnetic interference.

Key Considerations

When selecting a multimode fiber: Distance and bandwidth requirements: OM1/OM2 are suitable for shorter distances, while OM3–OM5 support higher speeds over moderate distances. Light source compatibility: LEDs for OM1/OM2, lasers for OM3–OM5. Network environment: Data centers and high-performance networks benefit from OM4/OM5 for future-proofing.

In summary, a wire-type multimode fiber is a versatile optical cable optimized for short-range, high-speed data transmission, with multiple types available to match specific network performance needs.